This report aims to describe the ways in which the structure, role and impact of TPPs may be instructive to PCGs. Practical illustrations are used to demonstrate how particular changes in services were achieved in the context of local conditions, providing useful examples for PCGs. English PCGs are the main focus of the report, although some of the material and conclusions will be of relevance to the different arrangements in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The objectives of the report are to consider the future roles of PCGs in the light of the development and performance of TPPS, and to consider the changes in local health systems in the light of the experience of a 'whole-district' TPP.